ADHD is an abbreviation for "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:” ADHD is a disorder characterised by lowered attention span and increases activity levels and impulsivity. The disorder is most common in children and symptoms must be present for at least six months to be diagnostic. Children with ADHD have trouble concentrating and learning new information. They also have problems holding still and are impulsive and hyperactive.
ADD
ADD, which stands for “Attention Deficit Disorder”, is a similar disorder. The only difference is that hyperactivity is not a symptom. Children with this disorder normally are able to stay attentive while playing video games, watching cartoons, and in other similar activities.
ADHD has many causes. It can be inborn or learned behaviour.
Factors which increase the risk of being born with ADHD:
- Early, meaning foetal, brain damage.
- Premature birth: A child born 4-6 weeks before term has a 70 % increase in risk.
- Low birthweight: A child which only weighs between 1.5 and 2.5 kg. has a 90 % increase in risk.
- Smoking mothers: Almost doubles the risk.
Factors which increase the risk of a child developing ADHD:
- Social reasons: For example parents with a poor relationship.
- Lack of important nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids
- Intake of high levels of artificial colourings and preservatives.
- Intolerance (not allergy) of certain foods.
Adults with ADHD
Studies have shown that over half of the adults who had ADHD as children continue to have problems. However, the symptoms change with time. For example, hyperactivity often becomes inner unrest causing impulsiveness and restlessness. Adults with ADHD have trouble finding structure in their lives, planning and organising tasks, being attentive when speaking with others, and acting deliberately. They can have mood swings, be quick-tempered, and can have a low self esteem, which can have many social consequences.
An in depth article is forthcoming.
