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St. John's wort, scientific references

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Bladt S, Wagner H. Inhibition of MAO by fractions and constituents of hypericum extract. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S57-59

Brockmoller, J., Reum, T., Bauer, S. et al. (1997) Hypericin and pseudohypericin: phamacokinetics and effects on photosensitivity in humans. Pharmacopsychiatry 30(suppl 2);94-101.

Cooper WC, James J. An observational study of the safety and efficacy of hypericin in HIV+ subjects. Int Conf AIDS 1990; 6: 369 (abstract no. 2063)

Degar S, Prince A, Pascual D. Inactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus by hypericin. Evidence for photo chemical alterations of p24 and a block in uncoating. AIDS Res Human Retrovir 1992; 8: 1929-1936

De Smet PAG, Nolen W. St John's wort as an antidepressant. BMJ 1996; 313: 241-242

Ernst E. St John's wort, an antidepressant? A systematic, criteria based review. Phytomed 1995; 2: 67-71

Furner V, Bek M, Gold J. A Phase I/II unblinded dose ranging study of hypericin in HIV-positive subjects. Int Conf AIDS 1991; 7: 199 (abstract no. W.B.2071).

Gastpar M, Singer A, Zeller K. Efficacy and tolerability of hypericum extract STW3 in long-term treatment with a once-daily dosage in comparison with sertraline. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2005;38(2):78-86.

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Harrer G, Schulz V. Clinical investigation of the antidepressant effectiveness of Hypericum. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S6-8

Harrer G, Sommer H. Treatment of mild/moderate depressions with Hypericum. Phytomed 1994; 1: 3-8

Harrer G, Hubner WD, Podzuweit H. Effectiveness and tolerance of the hypericum extract LI 160 compared to maprotiline. A multicenter double-blind study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S24 28

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Holzl J, Demisch L, Gollnik B. Investigations about antidepressive and mood changing effects of Hypericum perforatum. Planta Med 1989; 55: 643

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Johnson D, Ksciuk H, Woelk H et al. Effects of hypericum extract LI 160 compared with maprotiline on resting EEG and evoked potentials in 24 volunteers. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S44-46

Laakman, G., Schule, C., Baghai, T., Kieser, M. St. John's wort in mild to moderate depression: the relevance of hyperforin for the clinical efficacy. Pharmacopsychiatry 31 (Suppl 1);54-59.

Lavie D. Antiviral pharmaceutical compositions containing hypericin or pseudohypericin. European Patent Application, No. 87111467.4, filed 8/8/87, European Patent Office. Publ No. 0 256 A2. 175-177. 1987

Lavie G, Valentin F et al. Studies of the mechanism of action of the antiretroviral agents hypericin and pseudohypericin. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1989; 86: 5963-5967.

Lee A, Minhas R, Matsuda N et al. The safety of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) during breastfeeding. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(8):966-8.

Lieberman, S. (1998) Nutriceutical Review of St. John's Wort. J Women's Health 7;177-182.

Linde K et al. St John's wort for depression - an overview and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 1996; 313: 253-58.

Linde K, Berner MM, Kriston L. St John’s wort for major depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4.

Martinez B, Kasper S, Ruhrmann S et al. Hypericum in the treatment of seasonal affective disorders. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S29-33

Meruelo D, Lavie G, Lavie D. Therapeutic agents with dramatic antiretroviral activity and liffle toxicity at effective doses. Aromatic polycyclic diones hypericin and pseudohypericin. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1988; 85: 5230-5234

Morazzoni P, Bombardellie E. Hypericum perforatum. Milan: Indena. 1994

Muldner VH, Zoller M. Antidepressive wirkung eines auf den wirkstoffkomplex hypericin standardisierten hypericum-extrakes. Arzneim Forsch 1984; 34: 918

Okpanyi VSN, Weischer ML. Tierexperimentelle untersuchungen zur psychotropen wirksamkeit eines hypericum-extraktes. Arzneim Forsch 1987; 37: 10-13

Perovic S, Muller WEG. Pharmacological profile of hypericum extract. Effect of serotonin uptake by postsynaptic receptors. Arzneim Forsch 1995; 45: 1145-1148

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Reh C, Laux P, Schenk N. Hypericum-extrakt bei depressionen eine wirksame alternative. Therapeiwoche 1992, 42: 1576-1581

Schmidt U, Sommer H. St John's wort extract in the ambulatory therapy of depression. Attention and reaction ability are preserved. Fortschr Med 1993,111: 339-342

Schmidt U, Schenk N, Schwarz N et al. The therapy of depressive moods. Psycho 1989; 15: 665-671.

Shelton RC, Keller MB, Gelenberg A et al. Effectiveness of St John’s wort in major depression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;285:1978-1986.

Siegers CP, Biel S, Wilhelm KP. Zur frage der phototoxizitat von hypericum. 1993; 12: 320-322

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Someya H. Effect of a constituent of Hypericum erectum on infection and multiplication of Epstein-Barr virus. J Tokyo Med Coll 1985; 43: 815-826

Sommer H, Harrer G. Placebo-controlled double-blind study examining the effectiveness of an hypericum preparation in 105 mildly depressed patients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S9-11

Staffeldt B et al. Pharmacokinetics of hypericin and pseudohypericin after oral intake of the Hypericum perforatum extract LI 160 in healthy volunteers. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994, 7: S47-53

Steinbeck-Klose A, Wernet P. Successful long term treatment over 40 months of HIV-patients with intravenous Hypericin. Int Conf AIDS 1993; 9: 470 (abstract no. PO-B26-2012)

Suzuki O et al.: Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by hypericin. Planta Medica 1984; 50: 272-274.

Szegedi A, Kohnen R, Dienel A, Kieser M. Acute treatment of moderate to severe depression with hypericum extract WS 5570 (St John's wort): randomised controlled double blind non-inferiority trial versus paroxetine. BMJ. 2005;330 (7490):503.

Thiede HM, Walper A. Inhibition of MAO and COMT by hypericum extracts and hypericin. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S54-56

Thiele B; Brink I, Ploch M. Modulation of cytokine expression by hypericum extract. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S60-62

Valentine FT, Lavie G, Levin B et al. Synthetic hypericin enters blood Iymphocytes and monocytes in vitro and decreases culturable HIV in blood obtained from infected individuals. Int Conf AIDS 1991; 7: 97 (abstract no. W.A.1022)

Vorbach EU, Hubner WD, Arnoldt KH. Effectiveness and tolerance of the hypericum extract LI 160 in comparison with imipramine. Randomized double-blind study with 135 outpatients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994; 7: S19-23

Vorbach, E. U., Arnoldt, K. H., Hubner, W.D. (1997) Efficacy and tolerability of St. John's wort extract LI 160 versus imipramine in patients with serve depressive episodes according to ICD-10. Pharmacopsychiatry 30(suppl);31-35.

Woelk H, Burkard G, Grunwald J. Benefits and risks of the hypericum extract LI 160. drug monitoring study with 3250 patients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Nerol 1994; 7: S34-38

Woelk H, 'Comparison of St John's wort and imipramine for treating depression: randomised controlled trial', BMJ 2000; 321: 536-539.

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